Regional analysis of high risk factors of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with organ or system impairment / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) with organ or system impairment in pregnant women, and to analyze and compare the differences of HDP subtypes in different regions of China. Methods: A total of 27 680 pregnant women with HDP with complete data from 161 hospitals in 24 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities were retrospectively collected from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. According to their clinical manifestations, they were divided into hypertension group [a total of 10 308 cases, including 8 250 cases of gestational hypertension (GH), 2 058 cases of chronic hypertension during pregnancy] and hypertension with organ or system impairment group [17 372 cases, including 14 590 cases of pre-eclampsia (PE), 137 cases of eclampsia, 2 645 cases of chronic hypertension with PE]. The subtype distribution of HDP in East China (6 136 cases), North China (4 821 cases), Central China (3 502 cases), South China (8 371 cases), Northeast China (1 456 cases), Southwest China (2 158 cases) and Northwest China (1 236 cases) were analyzed. By comparing the differences of HDP subtypes and related risk factors in different regions, regional analysis of the risk factors of HDP pregnant women with organ or system impairment was conducted. Results: (1) The proportions of HDP pregnant women with organ or system impairment in Northeast China (79.05%, 1 151/1 456), Central China (68.42%, 2 396/3 502) and Northwest China (69.34%, 857/1 236) were higher than the national average (62.76%, 17 372/27 680); the proportions in North China (59.18%, 2 853/4 821), East China (60.85%, 3 734/6 136) and South China (59.56%, 4 986/8 371) were lower than the national average, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (2) Univariate analysis showed that the proportions of primiparas, non-Han, non-urban household registration, irregular prenatal examination and PE history in the hypertension with organ or system impairment group were higher than those in the hypertension group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that primiparas, non-Han, non-urban household registration, irregular prenatal examination and PE history were independent risk factors for HDP pregnant women with organ or system impairment (all P<0.05). (3) Primipara: the rates of primipara in Northeast China, North China and Southwest China were higher than the national average level, while those in South China, Central China and Northwest China were lower than the national average level. Non-Han nationality: the rates of non-Han nationality in Northeast China, North China and Northwest China were higher than the national average, while those in East China, South China and Central China were lower than the national average. Non-urban household registration: the rates of non-urban household registration in Northeast China, North China, and Southwest China were lower than the national average, while those in East China, Central China were higher than the national average. Irregular prenatal examination: the rates of irregular prenatal examination in North China, South China and Southwest regions were lower than the national average level, while those in Northeast China, Central China and Northwest China were higher than the national average level. History of PE: the incidence rates of PE in Northeast China, North China, South China and Southwest China were lower than the national average level, while those in Central China and Northwest China were higher than the national average level. Conclusions: Primiparas, non-Han, non-urban household registration, irregular prenatal examination, and PE history are risk factors for HDP pregnant women with organ or system impairment. Patients in Northeast, Central and Northwest China have more risk factors, and are more likely to be accompanied by organ or system function damage. It is important to strengthen the management of pregnant women and reduce the occurrence of HDP.

Effects of polysorbates on stability of monoclonal antibody drugs / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To evaluate the effects of various polysorbates(PS)on the stability of different types of monoclonal antibody(mAb)drugs.Methods Three types of monoclonal antibodies mAbA(IgG1 proantibody drug),mAbB(IgG1 mAb)and mAbC(IgG1 mAb with Fc N297A mutation)were used as model proteins,and different kinds or contents of PS were added into the mAb formulations respectively to investigate the influencing factors.The effects of PS on the stability of mAb drugs were evaluated comprehensively by detecting the changes of quality attributes,such as protein aggregates and insoluble particles.Results PS20 and PS80 showed no significant difference in inhibiting the formation of aggregates and charge variants in the three mAbs(P>0.05),while the addition of PS80 in mAbB and PS20 in mAbC significantly inhibited the increase of insoluble particles respectively(P<0.05);The content of PS20 showed a significant effect on the detection indexes of charge variants and insoluble particles in mAbC(P<0.05).Conclusion Different types of mAbs have different sensitivities to various kinds and contents of PS.Therefore,when designing the formulation of mAbs,it is necessary to select appropriate kinds and contents of PS to further improve the stability of mAb drugs.

Bone Marrow Adipocytes Promote the Survival of Multiple Myeloma Cells and Up-Regulate Their Chemoresistance / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of adipocytes in the bone marrow microenvironment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) on the pathogenesis of MM.@*METHODS@#Bone marrow adipocytes (BMA) in bone marrow smears of health donors (HD) and newly diagnosed MM (ND-MM) patients were evaluated with oil red O staining. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from HD and ND-MM patients were isolated, and in vitro co-culture assay was used to explore the effects of MM cells on the adipogenic differentiation of MSC and the role of BMA in the survival and drug resistance of MM cells. The expression of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation-related genes PPAR-γ, DLK1, DGAT1, FABP4, FASN and ALP both in MSC and MSC-derived adipocytes was determined with real-time quantitative PCR. The Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of IL-6, IL-10, SDF-1α, TNF-α and IGF-1 in the supernatant with or without PPAR-γ inhibitor.@*RESULTS@#The results of oil red O staining of bone marrow smears showed that BMA increased significantly in patients of ND-MM compared with the normal control group, and the BMA content was related to the disease status. The content of BMA decreased in the patients with effective chemotherapy. MM cells up-regulated the expression of MSC adipogenic differentiation-related genes PPAR-γ, DLK1, DGAT1, FABP4 and FASN, but the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related gene ALP was significantly down-regulated. This means that the direct consequence of the interaction between MM cells and MSC in the bone marrow microenvironment is to promote the differentiation of MSC into adipocytes at the expense of osteoblasts, and the cytokines detected in supernatant changed. PPAR-γ inhibitor G3335 could partially reverse the release of cytokines by BMA. Those results confirmed that BMA regulated the release of cytokines via PPAR-γ signal, and PPAR-γ inhibitor G3335 could distort PPAR-γ mediated BMA maturation and cytokines release. The increased BMA and related cytokines effectively promoted the proliferation, migration and drug resistance of MM cells.@*CONCLUSION@#The BMA and its associated cytokines are the promoting factors in the survival, proliferation and migration of MM cells. BMA can protect MM cells from drug-induced apoptosis and plays an important role in MM treatment failure and disease progression.

Comparative and phylogeny analysis of Asarum caudigerum and A. cardiophyllum complete chloroplast genomes / 药学学报

The complete chloroplast genome of medicinal plant Asarum caudigerum Hance and its close relative A. cardiophyllum Franchet were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq technology, and assembled, annotated, and characterized by bioinformatic methods in this study. Then phylogenetic analysis of the complete chloroplast genomes of A. caudigerum, A. cardiophyllum, and twelve published species was conducted. The results indicated that the chloroplast genomes ranged from 186 215-186 985 bp in length, with a large single copy (LSC, 89 445-90 169 bp) and two inverted repeats (IRa/IRb, 48 387-48 408 bp). The overall GC content was 37.4%-37.5%. A total of 144 chloroplast genes were annotated, including 98 protein coding genes, 38 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. In addition, complex genomic rearrangements were detected in the chloroplast genome of Asarum. Meanwhile, visual evaluation of the discrete type of the sequence indicated that the variation level of non-coding region was higher than that of coding region. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that A. caudigerum and A. cardiophyllum were clustered into a single clade and A. cardiophyllum, A. sieboldii var. seoulense, A. misandrum and A. maculatum were clustered into another single branch. These two clade were sister species. This study provides a scientific basis for the identification, phylogenetic relationship, molecular breeding of Asarum species.

Pyridine pigments from functional Monascus rice / 药学学报

The trace chemical components in functional Monascus rice were studied to explore the potential bioactive substances. MCI column, Sephadex LH-20 gel, and preparative liquid chromatography were used to purified the ethyl acetate extract from functional Monascus rice. Two novel pyridine Monascus pigments were isolated and identified, named monascopyridine G (1) and monascopyridine H (2), respectively based on extensive mass spectrometry (MS), infrared radiation (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The molecular docking experiments between compounds 1 and 2 and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) showed that they exhibited obvious binding force with the receptor protein. Besides, the biosynthetic pathways of the two compounds were proposed, which provide a valuable reference for the selective production of these potential bioactive substances.

Pregnancy and lymphocytic hypophysitis / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Lymphocytic hypophysitis(LYH) is a rare autoimmune disease, which is more common in women and is closely associated with pregnancy. For patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis, the clinical manifestations mainly depend on the speed of disease progression, the extent of lesions, the severity and stage of disease, which can present as mass effect, decreased anterior pituitary hormone function, and central diabetes insipidus, etc. Due to physical changes in pituitary anatomy and hormone levels, as well as restriction of imaging examinations during pregnancy, it poses greater challenge to establish diagnosis in perinatal patients, which demands a comprehensive assessment of the patient′s clinical symptoms and biochemical tests. For treatment, patients with hypopituitarism during pregnancy should be given hormone replacement therapy. Moreover, patients need to adopt optimized tailored therapy according to gestational age and various clinical manifestations. At present, there is no report on the adverse effects of LYH on pregnancy outcome and re-pregnancy. This review discusses the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with LYH during pregnancy, and provides reference for the clinical management of this condition.

Systematic Effect of Modified Renshen Wumeitang in Regulation of GABA Signaling Pathway in Rats with Diarrhea / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of modified Renshen Wumeitang（MRWT） on the related regulatory factors of the γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA） signaling pathway in colon tissues of rats with diarrhea， and reveal the mechanism of MRWT in invigorating Qi， generating fluid， and checking diarrhea. MethodForty-eight SD immature rats were randomly divided into a blank group （n=12） and an experimental group （n=36）. The diarrhea model was induced in the experimental group by Sennae Folium combined with overstrain and improper diet for 14 days. Subsequently， the model rats were randomly divided into a model group （normal saline， 20 mL·kg-1）， a western medicine group （Medilac-Vita， 0.7 g·kg-1）， and a Chinese medicine group （MRWT， 35 g·kg-1）， with 12 rats in each group. The rats in the blank group received normal saline at 20 mL·kg-1， and those in the other groups were treated correspondingly， once a day for 7 days. The general condition， loose stool rate， and diarrhea index of the rats were observed daily. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the optical density expression of GABA protein in the colon of rats. The content of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase （PI3K）， protein kinase B2 （Akt2）， phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt）， and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PI3K， Akt2， and GABA type A receptor subunit β2 （GABRB2） in the colon of rats were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed worsened general condition， The difference was not statistically significant of loose stool rate and diarrhea index， increased expression of GABA protein （P<0.05）， elevated expression of PI3K， Akt2， p-Akt， and IL-1β （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and up-regulated PI3K， Akt2， and GABRB2 mRNA and protein expression （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the western medicine group and the Chinese medicine group showed the improved general condition， decreased loose stool rate and diarrhea index （P<0.01）， and decreased content of PI3K， Akt2， p-Akt， and IL-1β （P<0.05）. The Chinese medicine group displayed decreased mRNA expression of PI3K， Akt2， and GABRB2 （P<0.05， P<0.01） and down-regulated protein expression of GABA， PI3K， and GABRB2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The western medicine group exhibited down-regulated mRNA expression of PI3K，Akt2，and protein of PI3K （P<0.05）. ConclusionMRWT can regulate the GABA signaling pathway， reduce Cl- flow in intestinal epithelial cells to the intestinal lumen， and improve the imbalance of colonic fluid metabolism in the colon of diarrhea rats， thereby exerting its effects of invigorating qi， generating fluid， and checking diarrhea.

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome with Bilateral Cryptorchidism and Seminoma in Tibet:Report of One Case / 中国医学科学院学报

Androgen insensitivity syndrome(AIS)with bilateral testicular malignant transformation is very rare,and its diagnosis should be based on clinical manifestations,physical examination,serological findings,karyotype analysis,and pathological findings.This study reported a case of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome among Tibetan in Tibet.It took 17 years from the discovery of congenital absence of uterus to bilateral pelvic mass resection.Pathological examination confirmed that bilateral pelvic space occupying lesions were dysplastic testicular tissue with seminoma and sertoli cell adenoma-like nodules.This study summarized the clinicopathological features to deepen the understanding of the disease.

Transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis reveal the mechanism of Shuanghua Baihe Tablet in the treatment of oral mucositis / 中国天然药物

Oral mucositis (OM) caused by cancer therapy is the most common adverse reaction in the radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. In severe cases, it can lead to the interruption of treatment, which affects the control of the disease and the quality of life. Shuanghua Baihe Tablet (SBT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, which is administerd to treat OM in China. It has been clinically effective for more than 30 years, but the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. With the development of multiple omics, it is possible to explore the mechanism of Chinese herbal compound prescriptions. Based on transcriptomics and metabolomics, we explored the underlying mechanism of SBT in the treatment of OM. An OM model of rats was established by 5-FU induction, and SBT was orally administered at dosages of 0.75 and 3 g·kg

Association of different stages of histological chorioamnionitis with respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the association of different stages of histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) with the incidence rate and severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants.@*METHODS@#Related data were collected from the infants and their mothers who were treated in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, from January 2018 to June 2020. According to the presence or absence of HCA and its stage, the infants were divided into four groups: control (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control and late-stage HCA groups, the early-stage HCA group had a significantly lower incidence rate of placental abruption and a significantly higher rate of prenatal use of antibiotics (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Early-, middle-, and late-stage HCA can reduce the incidence rate of RDS in preterm infants. HCA stage may not be correlated with RDS severity in preterm infants, which needs to be verified by further research.

Genome mining combined metabolic shunting and OSMAC strategy of an endophytic fungus leads to the production of diverse natural products

Endophytic fungi are promising producers of bioactive small molecules. Bioinformatic analysis of the genome of an endophytic fungus

Effect of silencing SIAH1 gene on H2O2-induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the effect of silencing SIAH1 gene on H2O2-induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells.<p>METHODS: The human lens epithelial cell line HLE-B3 was cultured and divided into normal group, H2O2 group(cultured with medium containing 400μmol/L H2O2)and H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group(transfected with SIAH1 interference sequence, followed by cultured with medium containing 400μmol/L H2O2)and siR-NC group(transfected with negative control sequence, followed by cultured with medium containing 400μmol/L H2O2). The expression of SIAH1 gene in cells was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by Western blot.<p>RESULTS: The relative expression levels of SIAH1 mRNA in the H2O2 group, siR-NC group and H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group were higher than that in the normal group(<i>P</i><0.05). The relative expression level of SIAH1 mRNA in H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group was lower than those in the H2O2 group and siR-NC group(<i>P</i><0.05). The apoptosis rates in the H2O2 group, siR-NC group and H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group were higher than that in the normal group(<i>P</i><0.05). The apoptosis rate in the H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group was lower than those in the H2O2 group and siR-NC group(<i>P</i><0.05). The expression levels of p38 MAPK and Bcl-2 proteins in the H2O2 group, siR-NC group and H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group were lower than those in the normal group, while the expression levels of p-p38 MAPK and Bax proteins were higher than those in the normal group(<i>P</i><0.05). The expression levels of p38 MAPK and Bcl-2 proteins in the H2O2+siR-SIAH1 group were higher than those in the H2O2 group and siR-NC group, while the expression levels of p-p38 MAPK and Bax proteins were lower than those in the H2O2 group and siR-NC group(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Down-regulation the expression of SIAH1 gene could inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cell line HLE-B3, which might be related to inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling pathway activation.

Sleep-related symptoms in multiple system atrophy: determinants and impact on disease severity / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Sleep disorders are common but under-researched symptoms in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). We investigated the frequency and factors associated with sleep-related symptoms in patients with MSA and the impact of sleep disturbances on disease severity.@*METHODS@#This cross-sectional study involved 165 patients with MSA. Three sleep-related symptoms, namely Parkinson's disease (PD)-related sleep problems (PD-SP), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), were evaluated using the PD Sleep Scale-2 (PDSS-2), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and RBD Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ), respectively. Disease severity was evaluated using the Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS).@*RESULTS@#The frequency of PD-SP (PDSS-2 score of ≥18), EDS (ESS score of ≥10), and RBD (RBDSQ score of ≥5) in patients with MSA was 18.8%, 27.3%, and 49.7%, respectively. The frequency of coexistence of all three sleep-related symptoms was 7.3%. Compared with the cerebellar subtype of MSA (MSA-C), the parkinsonism subtype of MSA (MSA-P) was associated with a higher frequency of PD-SP and EDS, but not of RBD. Binary logistic regression revealed that the MSA-P subtype, a higher total UMSARS score, and anxiety were associated with PD-SP; that male sex, a higher total UMSARS score, the MSA-P subtype, and fatigue were associated with EDS; and that male sex, a higher total UMSARS score, and autonomic onset were associated with RBD in patients with MSA. Stepwise linear regression showed that the number of sleep-related symptoms (PD-SP, EDS, and RBD), disease duration, depression, fatigue, and total Montreal Cognitive Assessment score were predictors of disease severity in patients with MSA.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Sleep-related disorders were associated with both MSA subtypes and the severity of disease in patients with MSA, indicating that sleep disorders may reflect the distribution and degree of dopaminergic/non-dopaminergic neuron degeneration in MSA.

Expression and biological function of human-derived RUNX1 gene in renal cancer / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveIt remains an open question of whether the human-derived RUNX-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) influences the development of renal cell carcinoma. This study aims to investigate the expression and biological function of the RUNX1 gene in renal cell carcinoma.MethodsBioinformatics technique of gene chip was used to identify the expression of RUNX1 in renal cancer. The expression level of RUNX1 in renal cancer tissue was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Twenty samples of cancer tissue were collected from the Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between January 2015 and June 2019. Accordingly, the adjacent normal tissue of the tumor was as well collected. The 786-O cell line was transfected using small interfering RNA, and was subsequently divided into three groups by knocking down the RUNX1 gene: siRNA1 group (siRNA1 sequence transfected with si-RUNX1), siRNA2 group (siRNA2 sequence transfected with si-RUNX1), siRNA3 Group (siRNA3 sequence transfected with si-RUNX1), control group (control sequence empty vector siRNA transfection). Cell clone formation experiment was used to count the number of cell clone formation; MTT assay was used to detect 786-O cell proliferation activity; the Transwell tumor cell invasion experiment was used to analyze the amount of cell migration; Western blot was used to detect changes in protein levels.Results The expression of RUNX1 in renal tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissue. The expression of RUNX1 in renal tumor tissues was increased with the escalation of the malignant degree of the pathological stage. The prognosis of patients with high expression of RUNX1 was significantly poor than that of the patients with low expression of RUNX1. The results of cell colony formation assay and MTT assay showed that the cell viability and proliferation of si-RUNX1 groups were significantly inhibited compared to the control group (P<0.01 for both). Transwell assay showed that the number of 786-O cells passing through the membrane in the si-RUNX1 group (98.67±3.53/field) was significantly lower than that of the control group (143.3±8.74/field) (P<0.01).ConclusionThe expression of RUNX1 is correlated with the proliferation and migration ability of renal cancer cells. Knockdown of RUNX1 expression can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of renal cancer cells, suggesting that RUNX1 plays an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma. Hence, the RUNX1 gene can be used as a potential clinical diagnosis and treatment target and prognostic marker for renal cancer.

Association between mitochondrial haplogroups and neurocognitive disorder in HIV positive individuals / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the distribution of mitochondrial haplogroups and their correlation with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) in HIV positive individuals.@*Methods@#Baseline data were from the prospective cohort study of comparative HIV and aging research in Taizhou of Zhejiang province from January to December, 2017. A cross-sectional survey was performed in 448 HIV positive individuals. Sanger method was used for the sequencing and genotyping of whole mitochondrial genome of HIV positive individuals. NCD prevalence in the HIV positive individuals was assessed by Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) in questionnaire interviews. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the associations between mtDNA haplogroups and NCD.@*Results@#In this sample, mitochondrial haplogroups D (19.6%, 88/448), B (19.4%, 87/448) and F(17.0%, 76/448) were the most predominant haplogroups. The overall prevalence rate of NCD was 20.3% (91/448), and was high in haplogroups A (23.1%, 9/39), D (21.6%, 19/88), F (26.3%, 20/76) and M7 groups (26.1%, 12/46), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting confounding factors, such as age and gender, compared with haplogroup A, there were no differences in the prevalence rate of NCD among HIV positive individuals with haplogroup B, D, F, M7, M8, N9, and others.@*Conclusion@#The study explored primarily correlation between mitochondrial haplogroups and NCD among HIV positive individuals and suggested that there is no significant association between mitochondrial haplogroups and NCD, but further longitudinal investigation with large sample size of HIV positive population is needed to confirm this finding.

Therapeutic observation of Tui-pushing Wujing plus Chinese patent medicine for infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the therapeutic efficacy of pediatric tuina plus Chinese patent medicine for preschool kids with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency. Methods:Ninety-two eligible kids were divided into a tuina plus Chinese patent medicine and a Chinese patent medicine group by the random number table, with 46 cases in each group. The Chinese patent medicine group was intervened by oral administration of Qi Wei Bai Zhu San (Seven-ingredientAtractylodes MacrocephalaPowder); the tuina plus Chinese patent medicine group was additionally given pediatric tuina therapy once a day, 20 min each time. Efficacy and safety were evaluated after 7-day treatment in both groups, and a 14-day follow-up was conducted. Results:After treatment, the symptom scores all changed significantly in the two groups (allP<0.05). After intervention, the symptom scores in the tuina plus Chinese patent medicine group were significantly different from those in the Chinese patent medicine group (allP<0.05). The total effective rate was 78.3％ in the Chinese patent medicine group, versus 89.1％ in the tuina plus Chinese patent medicine group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Three cases got a relapse in the Chinese patent medicine group, versus one case in the tuina plus Chinese patent medicine group, and the between-group difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The two groups each had one case of vomiting, which were treated properly and turned better. No other adverse reactions occurred. Conclusion: Tuina plus Chinese patent medicine and Chinese patent medicine alone both are effective for diarrhea due to spleen deficiencyin kids, but the combined therapy can produce more significant efficacy.

The effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids on behavioral, cognitive functions and nervous systems of adolescents / 生理学报

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) is responsible for muscle building and masculinizing. Using AAS can enhance muscle development and strength, and improve athletic performance. AAS abuse is not only seen in sport. Research has shown that there is an increasing number of adolescent AAS abusers. Adolescents are at a critical period of physical and mental development. Sex hormones are one of the important physiological factors affecting the development of their bodies and brains. Long-term or high-dose AAS treatment is likely to cause irreversible damage to their nervous system and psychological behavior, and these effects are easily overlooked. The article reviewed the long-term adverse effects of AAS on psychological behavior, emotion, cognitive functions and the nervous system of adolescents.

Expression differences and significance of periostin in eyelid basal cell carcinoma associated fibroblasts and-normal fibroblasts / 眼科新进展

Objective To investigate the expression differences and significance of periostin (PN) in eyelid basal cell carcinoma associated fibroblasts (BCAFs) andnormal fibroblasts (NFs) after separation,culture,purification and identification.Methods The third generation of purified BCAFs and NFs was selected,and the concentrations of cell suspensions were modulated to 20 × 106 L-1 by trypsin,and then the cell suspension were seeded and cultured in 6-well plate by 2 mL per well.The cell culture supernatants were collected when BCAFs and NFs were cultured by serum-free medium for 48 h,then the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The glass coverslips were placed at the bottom of the 6-well plate to make cell slides,and then the expression of PN in BCAFs and NFs cells were tested by immunofluorescence staining.Results ELISA showed that the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was (9.26 ± 2.35) μg · L-1 and (2.57 ± 0.41) μg · L-1.And the expression level of PN in BCAFs tested by immunofluorescence staining technology was higher than that in NFs cells,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression and secretion of PN in the eyelid BCAFs were highly enhanced when compared with NFs,suggesting that periostein may promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma in the microenvironment of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma.

Role of caspase-1 activation in bilirubin-induced injury in cultured primary rat hippocampal neurons / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of caspase-1 activation in bilirubin-induced neuronal injury and the protective effect of VX-765 against bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity in cultured primary rat hippocampal neurons.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cultured primary rat hippocampal neurons were exposed to DMSO (control group), 50 µmol/L bilirubin, or 50 µmol/L bilirubin 1 h after 50 µmol/L VX-765 treatment. The expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in the neurons were detected by Western blotting, and the relative cell survival and death rates were assessed with a modified MTT assay, lactate dehydrogenase assay and Typan blue staining. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) concentration in the culture supernatant was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In cultured primary rat hippocampal neurons, bilirubin exposure for 3 and 6 h caused significant increases in the expressions of NLRP3 and activated caspase-1 compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). Pretreatment of the cells with VX-765 obviously suppressed bilirubin-induced activation of caspase-1 (P<0.05). The relative survival rate of the neurons was (84.02∓2.31)% in VX-765 intervention group, significantly higher than that in bilirubin group (P<0.05) but lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); LDH release rate in VX-765 intervention group was (10.78∓1.58)%, significantly lower than that in bilirubin group (P<0.05) but higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The cell death rate in VX-765 intervention group was (5.58∓1.23)%, significantly lower than that in bilirubin group (P<0.05) but higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In cultured primary rat hippocampal neurons, caspase-1 activation plays a role in bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity, and VX-765 treatment provides protection against bilirubin-induced neuronal injury by inhibiting caspase-1 activation.</p>

Clinical effect of combined anterior and posterior segment surgery for vitreoretinal diseases with cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To observe the clinical effect of combined anterior and posterior segment surgery in the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases with cataract and the influence on visual acuity recovery and complications after surgery. <p>METHODS: The clinical data of 94 patients(94 eyes)with vitreoretinal diseases complicated with cataract treated in the hospital during the period from January 2016 to December 2017 were collected retrospectively. Fifty of them treated by vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification were included in Group A, and the other 44 cases treated by one-stage vitrectomy and two-stage phacoemulsification were included in Group B. The improvement rate of visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), changes of intraocular pressure(IOP)and incidence of complications after surgery were compared between the two groups. <p>RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the improvement rate of visual acuity between Group A and Group B(<i>P</i>>0.05). The logMAR BCVA of Group B at the last follow-up was significantly better than that of Group A(0.59±0.17 <i>vs</i> 0.78±0.28, <i>P</i><0.05), but there was no significant difference in IOP between the two groups before and after surgery(<i>P</i>>0.05). The incidence of anterior chamber inflammatory response in Group A was significantly higher than that in Group B(52% <i>vs</i> 20%, <i>P</i><0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in other complications, such as transient high IOP or rubeosis iridis(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Both concurrent anterior and posterior segment surgery and stage surgery are safe and effective in the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases with cataract. The surgical field of the former is clearer and it is easier to operate while the latter can alleviate the anterior chamber inflammatory response, with certain advantages in improvement of postoperative visual acuity. The appropriate surgical method should be chosen according to the patient's condition.